Transnational Authoritarianism and International Order

Alexander Cooley and Alexander Dukalskis write for the British Academy and Carnegie Endowment’s Global (Dis)Order programme on the drivers of transnational authoritarianism. They argue that globalisation and the rise of authoritarian powers enabled its spread, and that the second Trump administration is accelerating it. The paper closes with recommendations for liberal democracies.

Cooley, Alexander, and Alexander Dukalskis. Transnational Authoritarianism and International Order. Global (Dis)Order International Policy Programme. London: British Academy and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2026. https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/documents/6394/Global_Disorder_-_Transnational_authoritarianism_and_international_order.pdf.